When it comes to the perfect programming language for the development of a site, it is imperative that there is no perfect programming language available. There are a million different niches in programming and programmers usually choose the language they are familiar with, depending on the problem they are offered.
There a lot of programming in the world today. Some that is currently most wanted is projects on mobile platform. Some others include programming on Linux ecosystem, web programming, software development, desktop applications, etc..
When it comes to web programming, server-side scripting and client-side scripting are to understand the dynamic of HTML concept and to know where the program is executed. Below are some of the web programming languages used in most common websites and web applications today.
PHP
General-purpose server-side scripting language originally designed for web development to produce dynamic web pages. It is among one of the first developed server-side scripting languages to be embedded into an HTML source document, rather than calling an external file to process data. PHP originally stood for "Personal Home Page" and it is now said to stand for "PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor".
PHP is the undisputed king of server-side languages in use on the internet today – running on 75 percent of all web servers – and is the power behind WordPress, Wikipedia, and including the user-facing part of Facebook. As a server side language, the code is processed before it reaches the user’s browser, so all they see is the final page and none of the original PHP code. PHP is mainly used in conjunction with MySQL to pull information from a database, manipulate it and present it to the user.
PHP is influenced by C, C++, Java and Perl.
MySQL
Another component of standard web server installations, MySQL is a free, open source database server. It’s not a programming language as such, but it is a new language to talk to databases so it’s a key component of modern websites. Although MySQL is actually a command-line language, there are common GUI tools available such as PHPMyAdmin for managing databases more easily.
is the world's most used relational database management system (RDBMS). MySQL is also used in many high-profile, large-scale World Wide Web products, including Wikipedia, several parts of Google, YouTube, Facebook, and Twitter. MySQL is a popular choice of database for use in web applications, and is a central component of the widely used LAMP web application software stack—LAMP is an acronym for "Linux, Apache, MySQL, Perl/PHP/Python".
JavaScript
JavaScript is a scripting language that’s run locally on the user’s browser, allowing webpages to respond to user interactions such as clicking on elements and timing events. To cover everything, JavaScript is capable of would be impossible – suffice to say if there’s something interactive on a site, and it isn’t Flash – it’s more than likely JavaScript.
JavaScript is a prototype-based scripting language that is dynamic, weakly typed and has first-class functions. It is a multi-paradigm language, supporting object-oriented, imperative, and functional programming styles.
While JQuery is a JavaScript-framework which lets programmers write less code and gives them greater browser compatibility, and is quickly becoming the standard for modern webpages. It’s particularly useful for targeting specific parts of a webpage using familiar CSS terms and doing something with them, such as showing or hiding them. Although JQuery is made from JavaScript, it introduces its own unique language components.
JavaScript is influenced by C, Java, Perl and Python.
Perl
Perl used to be a major force in web programming but has since been relegated to mostly just text-processing applications. It’s incredibly fast at processing text, but not of much use on the modern internet. Perl is nicknamed "the Swiss Army chainsaw of programming languages" because of its flexibility and power. It is also referred to as the "duct tape that holds the internet together", in reference to its ubiquity and perceived inelegance.
Perl is a high-level, general-purpose, interpreted, dynamic programming language. Though Perl is not officially an acronym, there are various backronyms in usage, such as: Practical Extraction and Reporting Language. Perl was originally developed by Larry Wall in 1987 as a general-purpose Unix scripting language to make report processing easier. Since then, it has undergone many changes and revisions and become widely popular amongst programmers.
Perl is influenced by C, C++ and Pascal.
Ruby
Ruby, and its web application framework Ruby On Rails, powers some pretty major websites such as Groupon, Shopify (a commerce platform), and the front-end of Twitter. It’s a full object oriented language that’s interpreted by the server and then sent as a finished HTML page to the browser – much like PHP in one way. It has a number of key advantages though, namely in rapid development, less code repetition, and speed. One disadvantage of Ruby is most web servers do not support it out of the box.
Ruby is a dynamic, reflective, general-purpose object-oriented programming language that combines syntax inspired by Perl with Smalltalk-like features. It was also influenced by Eiffel and Lisp. Ruby was first designed and developed in the mid-1990s by Yukihiro "Matz" Matsumoto in Japan.
Ruby is influenced by C++, Perl and Python.
Python
Python is another full object-oriented high-level strongly-typed language. Adjectives used to describe Python typically include fun, easy to use, and a good learning tool – but ultimately there’s very few real-world Python web applications. Python is a general-purpose, high-level programming language whose design philosophy emphasizes code readability. Python claims to combine "remarkable power with very clear syntax", and its standard library is large and comprehensive.
It features a fully dynamic type system and automatic memory management, similar to that of Scheme, Ruby, Perl, and Tcl. Like other dynamic languages, Python is often used as a scripting language, but is also used in a wide range of non-scripting contexts. Using third-party tools, Python code can be packaged into standalone executable programs. Python interpreters are available for many operating systems.
Python is influenced by ABC, ALGOL 68, C, C++ and Java.
ASP.NET
ASP.NET is Microsoft’s contribution to the web language arena, predictably popular in corporate environments and nowhere else. It’s closely integrated into the .Net family. ASP.NET is a web application framework developed to allow programmers to build dynamic websites, web applications and web services.
It was first released in January 2002 with version 1.0 of the .NET Framework, and is the successor to Microsoft's Active Server Pages (ASP) technology. ASP.NET is built on the Common Language Runtime (CLR), allowing programmers to write ASP.NET code using any supported .NET language. The ASP.NET SOAP extension framework allows ASP.NET components to process SOAP messages.